Runways used in aviation are special areas designed for aircraft to land and take off. The construction and operation of runways is of critical importance for safe and effective air traffic management. Below you can find basic information about the construction and operation of aviation runways:
Site Selection and Planning:
The area where the runway will be built is carefully selected according to geographical, meteorological and geotechnical factors. A suitable location is determined by taking into account topography, wind directions, climatic conditions and environmental factors.
The length and width of the runway are planned depending on the type of aircraft to be used, the airport’s traffic and various other factors.
Track Design:
The design of the runway is made in accordance with certain standards so that aircraft can land and take off safely. The length, width, slope and other characteristics of the runway are determined within the framework of the standards determined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and other local regulatory bodies.
Ground Preparation:
Ground preparation is made before the construction of the runway. By using soil engineering and soil analysis, the durability and stability of the track is ensured. If necessary, work is carried out to compact or strengthen soft or loose materials in the ground.
Base and Covering Layers:
Foundation layers are laid under the track. Next, layers of pavement with concrete, asphalt or other suitable materials are added. These layers ensure that the track has high strength and a flat surface.
Lights and Signs:
Appropriate lighting systems are installed around and on the runway. Additionally, colored markings placed on the edges and surface of the runway provide guidance and location information to pilots.
Security systems:
Runways have fire extinguishing systems, emergency evacuation routes and other safety measures. Airport operators take various security measures to be prepared for emergencies.
Maintenance and Operation:
Runways are operated with regular maintenance and repair. Cracks, deformations or other damages on the surface are corrected. Proper operation of the runway and compliance with safety standards are ensured by regular checks.
Proper construction and effective operation of aviation runways increases the safety and efficiency of airports and makes air traffic more orderly. Compliance with international standards is important in this process, because the aviation world is generally built on common standards.